What is the Forex market? • What is Forex? – The basics… Basically, the Forex market is where banks, businesses, governments, investors and traders come to exchange and speculate on currencies. The Forex market is also referred to as the ‘Fx market’, ‘Currency market’, ‘Foreign exchange currency market’ or ‘Foreign currency market’, and it is the largest and most liquid market in the world with an average daily turnover of $3.98 trillion. The Fx market is open 24 hours a day, 5 days a week with the most important world trading centers being located in London, New York, Tokyo, Zurich, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Singapore, Paris, and Sydney. It should be noted that there is no central marketplace for the Forex market; trading is instead said to be conducted ‘over the counter’; it’s not like stocks where there is a central marketplace with all orders processed like the NYSE. Forex is a product quoted by all the major banks, and not all banks will have the exact same price. Now, the broker platforms take all theses feeds from the different banks and the quotes we see from our broker are an approximate average of them. It’s the broker who is effectively transacting the trade and taking the other side of it…they ‘make the market’ for you. When you buy a currency pair…your broker is selling it to you, not ‘another trader’. • A brief history of the Forex market Ok, I admit, this part is going to be a little bit boring, but it’s important to have some basic background knowledge of the history of the Forex market so that you know a little bit about why it exists and how it got here. So here is the history of the Forex market in a nutshell: In 1876, something called the gold exchange standard was implemented. Basically it said that all paper currency had to be backed by solid gold; the idea here was to stabilize world currencies by pegging them to the price of gold. It was a good idea in theory, but in reality it created boom-bust patterns which ultimately led to the demise of the gold standard. The gold standard was dropped around the beginning of World War 2 as major European countries did not have enough gold to support all the currency they were printing to pay for large military projects. Although the gold standard was ultimately dropped, the precious metal never lost its spot as the ultimate form of monetary value. The world then decided to have fixed exchange rates that resulted in the U.S. dollar being the primary reserve currency and that it would be the only currency backed by gold, this is known as the ‘Bretton Woods System’ and it happened in 1944 (I know you super excited to know that). In 1971 the U.S. declared that it would no longer exchange gold for U.S. dollars that were held in foreign reserves, this marked the end of the Bretton Woods System. It was this break down of the Bretton Woods System that ultimately led to the mostly global acceptance of floating foreign exchange rates in 1976. This was effectively the “birth” of the current foreign currency exchange market, although it did not become widely electronically traded until about the mid 1990s. (OK! Now let’s move on to some more entertaining topics!)… What is Forex Trading? Forex trading as it relates to retail traders (like you and I) is the speculation on the price of one currency against another. For example, if you think the euro is going to rise against the U.S. dollar, you can buy the EURUSD currency pair low and then (hopefully) sell it at a higher price to make a profit. Of course, if you buy the euro against the dollar (EURUSD), and the U.S. dollar strengthens, you will then be in a losing position. So, it’s important to be aware of the risk involved in trading Forex, and not only the reward. • Why is the Forex market so popular? Being a Forex trader offers the most amazing potential lifestyle of any profession in the world. It’s not easy to get there, but if you are determined and disciplined, you can make it happen. Here’s a quick list of skills you will need to reach your goals in the Forex market: Ability – to take a loss without becoming emotional Confidence – to believe in yourself and your trading strategy, and to have no fear Dedication – to becoming the best Forex trader you can be Discipline – to remain calm and unemotional in a realm of constant temptation (the market) Flexibility – to trade changing market conditions successfully Focus – to stay concentrated on your trading plan and to not stray off course Logic – to look at the market from an objective and straight forward perspective Organization – to forge and reinforce positive trading habits Patience – to wait for only the highest-probability trading strategies according to your plan Realism – to not think you are going to get rich quick and understand the reality of the market and trading Savvy – to take advantage of your trading edge when it arises and be aware of what is happening in the market at all times Self-control – to not over-trade and over-leverage your trading account As traders, we can take advantage of the high leverage and volatility of the Forex market by learning and mastering and effective Forex trading strategy, building an effective trading plan around that strategy, and following it with ice-cold discipline. Money management is key here; leverage is a double-edged sword and can make you a lot of money fast or lose you a lot of money fast. The key to money management in Forex trading is to always know the exact dollar amount you have at risk before entering a trade and be TOTALLY OK with losing that amount of money, because any one trade could be a loser. More on money management later in the course. • Who trades Forex and why? Banks – The interbank market allows for both the majority of commercial Forex transactions and large amounts of speculative trading each day. Some large banks will trade billions of dollars, daily. Sometimes this trading is done on behalf of customers, however much is done by proprietary traders who are trading for the bank’s own account. Companies – Companies need to use the foreign exchange market to pay for goods and services from foreign countries and also to sell goods or services in foreign countries. An important part of the daily Forex market activity comes from companies looking to exchange currency in order to transact in other countries. Governments / Central banks – A country’s central bank can play an important role in the foreign exchange markets. They can cause an increase or decrease in the value of their nation’s currency by trying to control money supply, inflation, and (or) interest rates. They can use their substantial foreign exchange reserves to try and stabilize the market. Hedge funds – Somewhere around 70 to 90% of all foreign exchange transactions are speculative in nature. This means, the person or institutions that bought or sold the currency has no plan of actually taking delivery of the currency; instead, the transaction was executed with sole intention of speculating on the price movement of that particular currency. Retail speculators (you and I) are small cheese compared to the big hedge funds that control and speculate with billions of dollars of equity each day in the currency markets. Individuals – If you have ever traveled to a different country and exchanged your money into a different currency at the airport or bank, you have already participated in the foreign currency exchange market. Investors – Investment firms who manage large portfolios for their clients use the Fx market to facilitate transactions in foreign securities. For example, an investment manager controlling an international equity portfolio needs to use the Forex market to purchase and sell several currency pairs in order to pay for foreign securities they want to purchase. Retail Forex traders – Finally, we come to retail Forex traders (you and I). The retail Forex trading industry is growing everyday with the advent of Forex trading platforms and their ease of accessibility on the internet. Retail Forex traders access the market indirectly either through a broker or a bank. There are two main types of retail Forex brokers that provide us with the ability to speculate on the currency market: brokers and dealers. Brokers work as an agent for the trader by trying to find the best price in the market and executing on behalf of the customer. For this, they charge a commission on top of the price obtained in the market. Dealers are also called market makers because they ‘make the market’ for the trader and act as the counter-party to their transactions, they quote a price they are willing to deal at and are compensated through the spread, which is the difference between the buy and sell price (more on this later). Advantages of Trading the Forex Market: • Forex is the largest market in the world, with daily volumes exceeding $3 trillion per day. This means dense liquidity which makes it easy to get in and out of positions. • Trade whenever you want: There is no opening bell in the Forex market. You can enter or exit a trade whenever you want from Sunday around 5pm EST to Friday around 4pm EST. • Ease of access: You can fund your trading account with as little as $250 at many retail brokers and begin trading the same day in some cases. Straight through order execution allows you to trade at the click of a mouse. • Fewer currency pairs to focus on, instead of getting lost trying to analyze thousands of stocks • Freedom to trade anywhere in the world with the only requirements being a laptop and internet connection. • Commission-free trading with many retail market-makers and overall lower transaction costs than stocks and commodities. • Volatility allows traders to profit in any market condition and provides for high-probability weekly trading opportunities. Also, there is no structural market bias like the long bias of the stock market, so traders have equal opportunity to profit in rising or falling markets. While the forex market is clearly a great market to trade, I would note to all beginners that trading carries both the potential for reward and risk. Many people come into the markets thinking only about the reward and ignoring the risks involved, this is the fastest way to lose all of your trading account money. If you want to get started trading the Fx market on the right track, it’s critical that you are aware of and accept the fact that you could lose on any given trade you take.

Ketika ASI Yang Seharusnya Menjadi Asupan Gizi Malah Menjadi Racun. Para Orang Tua Baca Ini!!!!

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Sahabat Tolongshare Makanan utama bayi baru lahir adalah air susu ibu (ASI). Bayi yang baru lahir belum memerlukan tambahan cairan atau makanan lain. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bayi akan ASI, banyak cara yang sebaiknya dilakukan oleh seorang ibu.

Menurut penelitian, memberi ASI secara eksklusif pada enam bulan pertama memberikan manfaat yang bisa dirasakan dalam jangka panjang. Selain memungkinkan penurunan risiko alergi, bayi yang diberikan ASI lebih sedikit yang terkena penyakit saluran napas bagian bawah, infeksi telinga, dan meningitis.




Namun tahukah anda bahwa asi yang seharusnya menjadi asupan gizi sang bayi berubah menjadi racun.

Tak ada yang menyangkal, bahwa ASI  adalah merupakan nutrisi terbaik bagi setiap bayi. Kita tahu, ASI mempunyai  kelengkapan gizi, protein dan mineral serta enzim-enzim yang dibutuhkan bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi.

Ajaibnya, kandungan ASI pun secara otomatis, mempunyai prosentase yang sesuai dengan setiap  tahap perkembangan  usia dan juga kebutuhan anak. Misalnya ASI yang keluar untuk bayi yang baru lahir mengandung protein jauh lebih tinggi daripada ASI untuk bayi yang berusia 9 bulan. Sebagaimana kita ketahui, protein adalah merupakan salah unsur penting dalam proses pembentukan otak.

Selain hemat secara ekonomis, Air Susu Ibu pun mempererat hubungan batin antara ibu dan bayi, serta membantu proses pemulihan fisik ibu dan membantu meningkatkan kecerdasan pada bayi 6 poin lebih tinggi dibanding dengan bayi yang diberi susu formula (berdasarkan studi Horwood & Fergursson tahun 1998 di Selandia Baru).

Tidak heran jika kini kesadaran ibu untuk menyusui semakin meningkat. Namun, ternyata tidak semua ibu bisa memberikan ASI kepada bayinya seperti yang diinginkannya. Mengapa hal itu bisa terjadi?

Ketika ASI Menjadi Racun

Mungkinkah ASI menjadi racun? Mungkin saja.

Hal itu terjadi jika pemberian ASI justru meningkatkan jumlah bilirubin pada bayi. Tingginya jumlah bilirubin ini akan  membuat bayi menjadi kuning. Tingginya jumlah bilirubin pada bayi, salah satu penyebabnya ialah adanya ketidakcocokan rhesus ibu dan bayi.

Rhesus merupakan penggolongan terhadap ada atau tidak adanya zat antigen-D pada darah. Orang yang mempunyai antigen-D disebut Rhesus Positif. Sebaliknya orang yang tidak mempunyai antigen-D disebut mempunyai Rhesus Negatif.

Seorang ibu yang mempunyai rhesus berbeda dengan janinnya akan memproduksi antibodi secara besar-besaran sebagai bentuk penolakan tubuhnya terhadap janin yang mempunyai rhesus berbeda dengannya. Dalam hal ini, secara otomatis, tubuh ibu menganggap  janin sebagai benda asing (musuh) yang harus diserang oleh zat antibodi yang dimiliki ibu.
ASI merupakan nutrisi terbaik dan terlengkap bagi bayi. Tetapi, tidak semua bunda bisa memberikan ASI kepada buah hatinya. Apa sebab ASI menjadi racun?

Penyerangan ini menyebabkan meningkatnya zat antibodi yang diproduksi oleh tubuh ibu. Meningkatnya antibodi pada ibu secara langsung menyebabkan banyak sel darah merah yang rusak (bilirubin) pada bayi. Bayi pun menjadi kuning, sebab fungsi hatinya belum terbentuk dengan baik.

Dalam kondisi seperti ini, pemberian ASI dari ibu yang mempunyai rhesus berbeda, hanya  akan berakibat fatal pada bayi.  Karena dalam kondisi ini  ASI bisa menjadi racun bagi bayi yang disusui.  Bila sudah sampai tahap ini pemberian ASI sebaiknya dihentikan.

Apakah hal itu bersifat permanen?

Banyak sekali para bunda yang keberatan apabila menghentikan pemberian ASI kepada bayinya, terlebih apabila itu bersifat permanaen.

Dalam beberapa kasus, penghentian itu hanya bersifat sementara. Yakni, apabila fungsi hati pada bayi  sudah berjalan dengan baik. Dan bilirubin sudah kembali ke angka normal. Jika sudah dalam kondisi normal seperti ini,  ibu bisa memberikan ASI pada bayinya, tanpa khawatir bayinya akan mengalami keracunan.

Mungkinkah memberikan air susu ibu setelah dihentikan sementara? Bagaimana cara mengantikan susu formula dengan air susu ibu ?

Tips berikut mungkin bisa membantu bunda untuk memberikan Air Susu Ibu kepada buah hati.

ASI merupakan nutrisi terbaik sekaligus terlengkap bagi bayi. Namun, tidak semua bunda bisa memberikan ASI kepada buah hatinya. Apa sebab ASI menjadi racun?

Cara Pemberian ASI Pasca Dihentikan Sementara

1. Berikan ASI secara bertahap.

Pemberian ASI tidak bisa secara langsung menggantikan susu formula yang telah akrab dengan lidah bayi, melainkan dengan cara bertahap. Misalnya, mengurangi frekuensi pemberian susu formula sedikit demi sedikit, serta menambah frekuensi pemberian ASI secara konsisten. Hingga akhirnya, pemberian ASI bisa dilakukan secara penuh.

2. Saat pemberian ASI dihentikan, penting bagi bunda untuk  tetap rutin memerah ASI.

Tindakan rutin memerah ASI ini akan merangsang  produksi air susu ibu tetap terjaga. Sehingga kelak ibu bisa memberikan ASI sesuai dengan harapannya.

3. Susui bayi dengan perasaan nyaman dan tenang.

Perasaan nyaman yang dirasakan ibu, akan mengalir pada bayi. Sehingga penolakan-penolakan yang diberikan bayi pada awal pengenalan ASI akan berhenti dengan sendirinya.
4. Milikilah keyakinan bahwa ASI tetap merupakan nutrisi terbaik bagi bayi anda.

Hal ini penting, sebab secara psikologis keyakinan ini  akan berdampak pada produktivitas dan kualitas  ASI yang dihasilkan bunda.

Nah sahabat itulah penjelasan mengenai ASI yang berubah menjadi racun bagi bayi anda. Semoga bermanfaat



Sumber:Theasianparent.com

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