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What is the Forex market? • What is Forex? – The basics… Basically, the Forex market is where banks, businesses, governments, investors and traders come to exchange and speculate on currencies. The Forex market is also referred to as the ‘Fx market’, ‘Currency market’, ‘Foreign exchange currency market’ or ‘Foreign currency market’, and it is the largest and most liquid market in the world with an average daily turnover of $3.98 trillion. The Fx market is open 24 hours a day, 5 days a week with the most important world trading centers being located in London, New York, Tokyo, Zurich, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Singapore, Paris, and Sydney. It should be noted that there is no central marketplace for the Forex market; trading is instead said to be conducted ‘over the counter’; it’s not like stocks where there is a central marketplace with all orders processed like the NYSE. Forex is a product quoted by all the major banks, and not all banks will have the exact same price. Now, the broker platforms take all theses feeds from the different banks and the quotes we see from our broker are an approximate average of them. It’s the broker who is effectively transacting the trade and taking the other side of it…they ‘make the market’ for you. When you buy a currency pair…your broker is selling it to you, not ‘another trader’. • A brief history of the Forex market Ok, I admit, this part is going to be a little bit boring, but it’s important to have some basic background knowledge of the history of the Forex market so that you know a little bit about why it exists and how it got here. So here is the history of the Forex market in a nutshell: In 1876, something called the gold exchange standard was implemented. Basically it said that all paper currency had to be backed by solid gold; the idea here was to stabilize world currencies by pegging them to the price of gold. It was a good idea in theory, but in reality it created boom-bust patterns which ultimately led to the demise of the gold standard. The gold standard was dropped around the beginning of World War 2 as major European countries did not have enough gold to support all the currency they were printing to pay for large military projects. Although the gold standard was ultimately dropped, the precious metal never lost its spot as the ultimate form of monetary value. The world then decided to have fixed exchange rates that resulted in the U.S. dollar being the primary reserve currency and that it would be the only currency backed by gold, this is known as the ‘Bretton Woods System’ and it happened in 1944 (I know you super excited to know that). In 1971 the U.S. declared that it would no longer exchange gold for U.S. dollars that were held in foreign reserves, this marked the end of the Bretton Woods System. It was this break down of the Bretton Woods System that ultimately led to the mostly global acceptance of floating foreign exchange rates in 1976. This was effectively the “birth” of the current foreign currency exchange market, although it did not become widely electronically traded until about the mid 1990s. (OK! Now let’s move on to some more entertaining topics!)… What is Forex Trading? Forex trading as it relates to retail traders (like you and I) is the speculation on the price of one currency against another. For example, if you think the euro is going to rise against the U.S. dollar, you can buy the EURUSD currency pair low and then (hopefully) sell it at a higher price to make a profit. Of course, if you buy the euro against the dollar (EURUSD), and the U.S. dollar strengthens, you will then be in a losing position. So, it’s important to be aware of the risk involved in trading Forex, and not only the reward. • Why is the Forex market so popular? Being a Forex trader offers the most amazing potential lifestyle of any profession in the world. It’s not easy to get there, but if you are determined and disciplined, you can make it happen. Here’s a quick list of skills you will need to reach your goals in the Forex market: Ability – to take a loss without becoming emotional Confidence – to believe in yourself and your trading strategy, and to have no fear Dedication – to becoming the best Forex trader you can be Discipline – to remain calm and unemotional in a realm of constant temptation (the market) Flexibility – to trade changing market conditions successfully Focus – to stay concentrated on your trading plan and to not stray off course Logic – to look at the market from an objective and straight forward perspective Organization – to forge and reinforce positive trading habits Patience – to wait for only the highest-probability trading strategies according to your plan Realism – to not think you are going to get rich quick and understand the reality of the market and trading Savvy – to take advantage of your trading edge when it arises and be aware of what is happening in the market at all times Self-control – to not over-trade and over-leverage your trading account As traders, we can take advantage of the high leverage and volatility of the Forex market by learning and mastering and effective Forex trading strategy, building an effective trading plan around that strategy, and following it with ice-cold discipline. Money management is key here; leverage is a double-edged sword and can make you a lot of money fast or lose you a lot of money fast. The key to money management in Forex trading is to always know the exact dollar amount you have at risk before entering a trade and be TOTALLY OK with losing that amount of money, because any one trade could be a loser. More on money management later in the course. • Who trades Forex and why? Banks – The interbank market allows for both the majority of commercial Forex transactions and large amounts of speculative trading each day. Some large banks will trade billions of dollars, daily. Sometimes this trading is done on behalf of customers, however much is done by proprietary traders who are trading for the bank’s own account. Companies – Companies need to use the foreign exchange market to pay for goods and services from foreign countries and also to sell goods or services in foreign countries. An important part of the daily Forex market activity comes from companies looking to exchange currency in order to transact in other countries. Governments / Central banks – A country’s central bank can play an important role in the foreign exchange markets. They can cause an increase or decrease in the value of their nation’s currency by trying to control money supply, inflation, and (or) interest rates. They can use their substantial foreign exchange reserves to try and stabilize the market. Hedge funds – Somewhere around 70 to 90% of all foreign exchange transactions are speculative in nature. This means, the person or institutions that bought or sold the currency has no plan of actually taking delivery of the currency; instead, the transaction was executed with sole intention of speculating on the price movement of that particular currency. Retail speculators (you and I) are small cheese compared to the big hedge funds that control and speculate with billions of dollars of equity each day in the currency markets. Individuals – If you have ever traveled to a different country and exchanged your money into a different currency at the airport or bank, you have already participated in the foreign currency exchange market. Investors – Investment firms who manage large portfolios for their clients use the Fx market to facilitate transactions in foreign securities. For example, an investment manager controlling an international equity portfolio needs to use the Forex market to purchase and sell several currency pairs in order to pay for foreign securities they want to purchase. Retail Forex traders – Finally, we come to retail Forex traders (you and I). The retail Forex trading industry is growing everyday with the advent of Forex trading platforms and their ease of accessibility on the internet. Retail Forex traders access the market indirectly either through a broker or a bank. There are two main types of retail Forex brokers that provide us with the ability to speculate on the currency market: brokers and dealers. Brokers work as an agent for the trader by trying to find the best price in the market and executing on behalf of the customer. For this, they charge a commission on top of the price obtained in the market. Dealers are also called market makers because they ‘make the market’ for the trader and act as the counter-party to their transactions, they quote a price they are willing to deal at and are compensated through the spread, which is the difference between the buy and sell price (more on this later). Advantages of Trading the Forex Market: • Forex is the largest market in the world, with daily volumes exceeding $3 trillion per day. This means dense liquidity which makes it easy to get in and out of positions. • Trade whenever you want: There is no opening bell in the Forex market. You can enter or exit a trade whenever you want from Sunday around 5pm EST to Friday around 4pm EST. • Ease of access: You can fund your trading account with as little as $250 at many retail brokers and begin trading the same day in some cases. Straight through order execution allows you to trade at the click of a mouse. • Fewer currency pairs to focus on, instead of getting lost trying to analyze thousands of stocks • Freedom to trade anywhere in the world with the only requirements being a laptop and internet connection. • Commission-free trading with many retail market-makers and overall lower transaction costs than stocks and commodities. • Volatility allows traders to profit in any market condition and provides for high-probability weekly trading opportunities. Also, there is no structural market bias like the long bias of the stock market, so traders have equal opportunity to profit in rising or falling markets. While the forex market is clearly a great market to trade, I would note to all beginners that trading carries both the potential for reward and risk. Many people come into the markets thinking only about the reward and ignoring the risks involved, this is the fastest way to lose all of your trading account money. If you want to get started trading the Fx market on the right track, it’s critical that you are aware of and accept the fact that you could lose on any given trade you take.

Inilah Efek Samping Pil KB yang Perlu Anda Ketahui !!!

Minggu, 19 Februari 2017 Kesehatan Edit

TipsehatdariBunda - Pil KB ada efek sampingnya? Pil merupakan salah satu metode Keluarga Berencana yang paling mudah dan aman, bahkan sangat efektif jika diminum dengan benar.

Ada dua jenis dari pil KB, baik yang alami atau sintetis hormon yang secara alami dibuat oleh tubuh. Pil KB bisa mengandung progestin saja atau kombinasi estrogen dan progestin. Hormon-hormon ini bertugas mengatur siklus menstru*si wanita, dan keberadaanya berperan penting untuk kesuburan reproduksi.

Terlepas dari manfaatnya dalam mencegah kehamilan, ada banyak yang mendukung penggunaan pil KB, termasuk mengurangi kram menstruasi, mengatur siklus m*nstru*si, kulit bebas jerawat, dan menurunkan risiko kista ovarium serta kanker ovarium dan endometrium. Namun pil ini juga bisa memiliki banyak efek samping, yang mungkin Anda tidak pernah diberitahu oleh dokter Anda. Sebelum Anda memilih pil, penting untuk mengerti baik itu dari sisi pro maupun kontranya.

Inilah efek samping menggunakan Pil KB yang tidak diketahui banyak orang:

1. Pusing, sakit kepala dan migrain
Bagi wanita, keluhan pusing, sakit kepala dan migrain tak selalu disebabkan oleh masalah dalam otak. Sebagian keluhan justru datang dari faktor perubahan hormon yang memicu timbulnya beberapa kondisi dalam sistem neutrotransmitter dalam otak. Dan ketika terjadi beberapa perubahan hormonal akibat penggunaan pil KB, maka bukan mustahil Anda juga akan mengalami serangan pusing, sakit kepala dan migrain.

Beberapa jenis pil KB akan menurunkan kadar estrogen dalam tubuh. Kondisi inilah yang menjadi pemicu keluhan sakit kepala pasca mengkonsumsi pil KB. Kondisi ini terbukti dalam riset yang dijurnalkan dalam The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology tahun 2005.

Anda yang mengalami gangguan semacam ini disarankan untuk mengganti jenis pil KB Anda yang bersifat netral terhadap kadar estrogen. Namun sebelumnya akan lebih baik konsultasikan dulu dengan dokter kandungan Anda.

2. Mual dan kembung
Sementara Anda mengeluhkan sakit kepala ketika Anda mengalami penurunan kadar estrogen, Anda justru bisa mengalami mual dan kembung ketika level estrogen Anda meningkat. Beberapa jenis pilihan pil KB justru bekerja menstimulasi produksi estrogen pada tubuh Anda.

Kenaikan level estrogen memberi efek tehadap fungsi enzim dan hormonal dalam sistem pencernaan. Ini menyebabkan perut menjadi rentan untuk kembung, mual dan mengalami kenaikan kadar asam lambung.

Anda disarankan untuk mengkonsumsi pil KB pasca makan untuk menekan efek mual dan kembung. Anda bisa memilih terapi antasida dan hindari makanan penyebab kembung untuk membantu mengendalikan mual dan kembung.

3. Payudara membesar
Gejala lain yang bisa menjadi efek samping pil KB adalah pembesaran ukuran payudara. Sebagian juga kemudian mengeluhkan payudara yang terasa lebih lunak. Efek peningkatan ukuran payudara biasanya disebabkan oleh konsumen pil KB jenis progestin yang memicu kenaikan level progesteron dalam tubuh.

Beberapa dokter menyarankan Anda untuk mengurangi asupan kopi yang diyakini memberi input tambahan terhadap pembesaran kelenjar dan sel dalam dari payudara. Anda perlu memperhatikan pula munculnya benjolan dalam payudara, meski sebagian besar kasus pembesaran adalah efek dari perubahan ukuran sel-sel dalam payudara belaka dan bukan efek pra kanker.

4. Perdarahan di luar periode haid
Beberapa wanita yang mengkonsumsi pil KB mengeluhkan munculnya perdarahan yang terjadi di luar periode haid. Beberapa kasus perdarahan hanya sebagai efek adaptasi tubuh terhadap perubahan hormonal sehingga akan berhenti muncul paska 3 bulan pemakaian.

Menurut riset yang dijurnalkan dalam The Journal of Family Practice tahun 2006, dikatakan bahwa perdarahan di luar periode akibat pil KB ini terjadi sebagai efek perubahan hormonal tertentu yang mengakibatkan penipisan dinding rahim sehingga membuat dinding rahim lebih peka dan rentan.

5. Kenaikan berat badan
Kasus inilah yang paling kerap dikeluhkan sebagai efek samping pil KB dan membuat banyak wanita enggan mengkonsumsi pil KB. Menurut WebMD, peristiwa ini distimulasi oleh kenaikan level estrogen dan jenis progesteron lain yang mendorong tubuh menyimpan lebih banyak air dalam lemak.

Lemak akan tersimpan di kawasan panggul dan perut bawah dengan karakter yang lunak, bergelambir dan tampak longgar akibat tercampurnya lemak dengan air. Anda bisa membantu meredakan efek ini dengan mengkonsumsi asupan diuretik untuk mendorong penyerapan air menuju darah dan mendorongnya keluar menuju ginjal.

Tentu saja jangan lupa untuk lebih rajin olahraga untuk meningkatkan pembakaran lemak. Anda juga bisa memilih pil KB dengan stimulan estrogen yang rendah. Ini akan mencegah Anda terus mengalami kenaikan berat badan akibat konsumsi pil KB.

6. Memicu infeksi jamur
Bagi beberapa wanita, perubahan hormonal yang diakibatkan jenis pil KB tertentu mendorong terjadinya perubahan kadar PH dan kadar kelembaban di organ genital. Perubahan kelembaban ini bisa disebabkan oleh kenaikan androgen atau malah kenaikan estrogen. Kondisi bisa memburuk ketika Anda mengalami keluhan diabetes, dan keluhan dengan sistem imunitas.

Jaga kebersihan area genital Anda, gunakan celana dalam berbahan katun dan hindari mengenakan busana terlalu ketat adalah cara terbaik mengatasi efek infeksi jamur ini dan mencegah efek samping pil KB ini muncul. Namun Anda juga bisa mengkonsultasikan pada dokter Anda demi menemuakn pilihan produk pil KB yang lebih tepat.

7. Perubahan mood
Perubahan hormonal memang kerap identik dengan perubahan mood. Bahkan pada saat seorang wanita tengah menjelang haid juga menunjukan tanda perubahan mood. Tentu kita ketahui bahwa periode haid merupakan momen perubahan hormonal pada wanita.

Pada jurnal tahun 2003 dalam The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology dikatakan bahwa konsumsi pil KB juga bisa meningkatkan risiko perubahan mood selama masa premenstruasi.

8. Perubahan pada penglihatan
Secara langsung memang tidak ada kaitan antara mata dan kemampuan indera penglihatan dengan pil KB. Ini terjadi karena tubuh yang memiliki evel estrogen tinggi akan menahan cairan dalam tubuh dan menyebabkan kornea mata tampak bengkak. Kornea mengalami perubahan bentuk dan kontur sehingga penglihatan justru mengalami perubahan.

Selain itu, ternyata konsumsi pil KB jenis tertentu dalam jangka panjang rupanya dapat mendorong seseorang menderita glukoma.

9. Munculnya sumbatan darah
Berdasarkan pada The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, risiko munculnya sumbatan dara pada wanita yang tidak hamil berada ada kisaran 1 – 5 untuk 10 ribu wanita. Namun ketika mereka mulai mengasup pil Kb terjadi peningkatan reiko menjadi 3 – 9 orang untuk 10 ribu orang wanita.

Dalam jurnal BMJ in 2015 dikatakan bahwa ada efek samping pil KB pada mereka dengan kepekaan lebih terhadap stimulan trombosit untuk mengalami peningkatan kecil terhadap risiko serangan tromboemboli, atau emboli darah oleh gumpalan darah.

10. Penurunan libido
Pada beberapa jenis pil KB bisa memicu terjadinya penurunan level hasrat seksual. Kasus ini tidak selamanya terjadi pada setiap wanita. Ini karena beberapa jenis pil KB bekerja dengan menambahkan kadar anti androgen dalam tubuh. Ini menyebabkan tubuh mengalami penurunan level androgen besar-besaran. Pada wanita, androgen berperan sebagai pemicu hasrat seksual.

Dalam The Journal of Sexual Medicine tahun 2012, beberapa jenis pil KB dengan sifat anti androgen tinggi bisa berakibat munculnya keluhan organ genital yang mengering, munculnya rasa nyeri pada saat aktivitas seksual hingga masalah kadar libido yang menurun.

Namun beberapa pakar menganggap seharusnya efek samping pil KB ini berlangsung hanya selama masa adaptasi saja, setelah lewat 4 bulan kondisi tubuh mulai stabil dan libido bisa kembali dibangkitkan.

Sebenarnya produk pil KB terdiri dari beragam jenis dengan cara kerja kontrasepsi berbeda. Masing-masing jenis bekerja dengan efek samping pil KB berbeda. Memahami dengan baik risiko dan efek samping pil KB akan menjadi aspek petimbangan penting sebelum menjatuhkan pilihan pada penggunaan pil KB.

Pahami terlebih dulu bagaimana karakter tubuh Anda sebelum memilih pil KB. Kenali dominasi hormonal Anda yang miliki karena ketika Anda memilih jenis pil KB yang kontradiksi dengan kondisi hormonal Anda justru akan memperburuk kondisi kesehatan Anda dan meningkatkan risiko efek samping pil KB.

Bagikan info ini ke teman, keluarga dan kerabat Anda.

Inilah Efek Samping Pil KB yang Perlu Anda Ketahui !!!

Inilah efek samping menggunakan Pil KB yang tidak diketahui banyak orang:

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